FOR THE SYLLABUS OF ANY BRANCH OF ENGINEERING, ANY SEMESTER in MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY, KOTTAYAM,
CLICK HERE
Apr 25, 2009
IEEE GROUPS
HEY, IF YOU JOIN THESE YAHOO GROUPS THEY WILL SEND YOU UPDATES ON VARIOUS TECH-FESTS AND OTHER EVENTS GOING ON IN AND AROUND KERALA.
MIT OPENCOURSEWARE
THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY OFFERS ONLINE COURSES ON MANY ENGINEERING DISCIPLINES. THEY HAVE GREAT RESOURCES, IN THE FORM OF STUDY MATERIALS AND VIDEO LECTURES ETC.
FOR A CATALOGUE C.D OF MIT, CONTACT ME.
FOR A CATALOGUE C.D OF MIT, CONTACT ME.
BASIC ELECTRONICS TUTORIALS
HEY CHECK OUT THIS SITE. IT HAS VERY GOOD TUTORIALS FOR ALMOST ANY BASIC ELECTRONICS TOPICS.
CLICK HERE
CLICK HERE
Apr 24, 2009
2008 B.Tech RESULTS
Mahatama Gandhi University has declared the results for B. tech Exam conducted in the year 2008.
The result is available as a PDF file on their website.
You are free to download the result at http://www.mguniversity.edu.
CLICK HERE FOR COMPLETE RESULTS(RIGHT CLICK, SAVE LINK AS)*E.C S 4 SYLLABUS
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS - III
CMELRPTA 401 3+1+0
Module 1
Ordinary Differential Equations: Linear Differential equations with constant coefficents - Finding P.I. by the method of variation of parameters – Cauchys equations- Linear Simultaneous eqns- simple applications in engineering problems.
Module 2
Partial Differential Equations - formation by eliminating arbitrary constants and arbitrary Functions - solution of Lagrange Linear Equations –Charpits Method – solution of homogeneous linear partial differential equation with constant coefficients – solution of one dimensional wave equation and heat equation using method of separation of variables – Fourier solution of one dimensional wave equation.
Module 3
Fourier Transforms: - Statement of Fourier Integral Theorems – Fourier Transforms – Fourier Sine & Cosine transforms - inverse transforms - transforms of derivatives – Convolution Theorem (no proof) – Parsevals Identity - simple problems.
Module 4
Probability and statistics: Binomial law of probability - The binomial distribution, its mean and variance - poisson distribution as a limiting case of binomial distribution - its mean and variance - fitting of binomial & poisson distributions - normal distribution - properties of normal curve - standard normal curve - simple problems in binomial, poisson and normal distributions.
Module 5
Population & Samples: Sampling distribution of mean (s known) –Sampling distribution of variance, F and Chi square test – Level of significance - Type 1 and Type 2 errors – Test of hypothesis – Test of significance for large samples – Test of significance for single proportion, difference of proportions, single mean and difference of means (proof of theorems not expected).
References
1. Higher Engineering Mathematics - B.S. Grewal, Khanna Publishers.
2. Engineering Mathematics Vol.II -3rd year Part A & B - M.K. Venkataraman, National Publishing Company
3. Elements of Partial Differential Equations - Ian N.Sneddon.,McGraw Hill.
4. Miller and Fread’s Probability and statistics for engineers – Richard A Johnson, Pearson Education Asia / PHI.
5. A text book of Engineering Mathematics (Volume II) – Bali and Iyengar, Laxmi Publications Ltd.
6. Advanced Engg. Mathematics Erwin Kreyszig, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
7. Probability and statistical inferences – Hogg and Tanis, Pearson Education Asia.
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS AND LOGIC DESIGN
LA 402 3+1+0
Module 1
Gates –Inverter - OR gates - AND gates - NOR Gates - De Morgan’s Theorems - NAND Gates - EXCLUSIVE-OR Gates - Tristate Inverter - TTL Circuits - Digital Integrated Circuits - 7400 Devices - TTL Characteristics - TTL Overview - AND -OR- NOT Gates - Open-Collector Gates – CMOS gates.
Module 2
Boolean Algebra and Karnaugh Maps - Boolean Relations - Sum-of-Products method - Algebraic Simplification - Karnaugh maps – Pairs – Quads - and Octets - Karnaugh Simplifications - Don’t-Care Conditions. Multiplexers - de-multiplexers - decoder and encoder.
Module 3
Arithmetic-Logic Units - Binary Addition - Binary Subtraction - Half Adders - Full Adders - Binary Adders - signed Binary Numbers - 2’s Complement - 2’s-Complement Adder-Subtractor.
Module 4
Flip Flops - RS Latches - Level Clocking - D Latches - Edge-Triggered D & T Flip-Flops - Edge-Triggered JK Master-slave Flip-Flop.
Module 5
Registers and Counters - Buffer Registers - Shift Registers - Controlled Shift Registers - Ripple Counters - Synchronous Counters - Ring counters - Modulo counters - Three-State Register. ROMs – PROMs and EPROMs - RAMs. A small TTL Memory.
References
1. Digital Fundamentals: Floyd, Pearson Edn.
2. Digital Design: Wakerly, Pearson Education.
3. Fundamentals of digital circuits: A Anand Kumar, PHI
4. Digital Integrated Electronics: Taub and Shilling, McGraw Hill,
5. Digital electronics: D C Green, Pearson Edn.
6. Digital Logic and state machine design: Comer, Oxford.
7. Digital electronic principles and applications: A K Maini, Khanna Pub.
8. Digital electronic principles: Malvino and Leach, Mc Graw Hill.
9. Logic and computer design fundamentals: M Morris Mano, Pearson Edn.
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
LA 403 3+1+0
Module 1
Introduction: communication systems – Modulation - need for modulation- bandwidth- Amplitude modulation - theory- mathematical representation- frequency spectrum - USB & LSB- power relation- Frequency modulation - theory- mathematical representation- frequency spectrum- Phase modulation- comparison of AM- FM- PM.
Module 2
Radio transmitters: AM transmitter - block diagram - Solid state modulators - circuit explanation- FM transmitter - reactance modulator- varactor diode modulator- Amstrong modulator.
Module 3
Radio receivers: Tuned radio frequency receiver- superheterodyne receiver - block schematic- selectivity- sensitivity- importance of IF - image frequency rejection - AM receivers - schematic explanation - RF amplifiers - circuit explanation - Mixer circuits - IF amplifiers - circuit explanation- simple diode detector - Automatic gain control circuit - simple and delayed AGC - FM receivers - block schematic explanation - amplitude limiting - FM demodulators: slope detectors- phase discriminator- ratio detectors.
Module 4
Side band communication: Single side band transmission - suppression of carrier - balanced modulator - filtering of unwanted sideband - SSB receivers - block schematic explanation - pilot carrier receiver - suppressed carrier receiver - Vestigial side band transmission - transmitter and receiver responses - advantages of VSB in television.
Module 5
Telephone Systems - Telephone subscribers loop circuit - subscribers line interface circuit - Pulse and tone signaling - Frequency assignments - Electronic telephone - block schematic of a telephone set- block schematic of single line analog SLIC board - two wire repeaters - Electronic private automatic branching exchange - basic block schematic- Power line communication: block schematic explanation- Facsimile - FAX transmitter and receiver.
References
Electronic communication Systems: Wayne Tomasi- Pearson Edn.
Electronic communication: Roody and Coolen- PHI.
Electronic Communication systems: George Kennedy- Mc Graw Hill.
Electronic and radio engineering: A P Mathur.
Telephony and Carrier current engineering: P N Das.
Modern communication Systems: Couch- PHI.
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS - II
LA 404 3+1+0
Module 1
High frequency equivalent circuit of a transistor. Hybrid pi model - explanation of components -r parameters in terms of h parameters -Tuned amplifiers -principle - single tuned and double tuned amplifiers -frequency response -applications (no analysis) -multistage amplifiers -frequency response.
Module 2
Feedback -different types -positive, negative, voltage, current, series and shunt feedback -Feedback in amplifiers -its effect on amplifier performance -typical feedback arrangements -emitter follower -darlington emitter follower -cascade amplifier (principles only) -difference amplifier.
Module 3
Oscillators -conditions for oscillation -analysis and design of RC phase shift oscillator, general form of oscillator circuit -working of Hartley, Colpitt's, Crystal, tuned collector and Wien Bridge oscillators.
Module 4
Mono-stable multi vibrator -analysis -design -applications -triggering -Bistable multi-vibrator -analysis and design -different methods of triggering -commutating capacitor -Schmitt trigger -working -design.
Module 5
Large signal amplifier -harmonic distortion -analysis of class A, class B, class C and class D amplifiers -complimentary and symmetry stage -sweep generators -voltage and current sweeps -time base generators -linearisation -miller and bootstrap sweeps - applications.
References
Electronic devices and circuits -Boylsted & Neshelsky, Pearson Edn.
Integrated electronics -Millman & Halkias , Mc Graw Hill
Electronic principles -Malvino
Electronic devices and circuits -Bugart
Microelectronics Digital and Analogue -Botkar.
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
LTA 405 2+1+0
Module 1
Dynamic Representation of Systems - Systems Attributes- Causality - linearity- Stability- time-invariance. Special Signals- Complex exponentials- Singularity functions (impulse and step functions). Linear Time-Invariant Systems: Differential equation representation- convolution Integral. Discrete form of special functions. Discrete convolution and its properties. Realization of LTI system (differential and difference equations).
Module 2
Fourier Analysis of Continuous Time Signals and Systems - Fourier Series- Fourier Transform and properties- Parseval’s theorem- Frequency response of LTI systems. Sampling Theorem.
Module 3
Fourier Analysis of Discrete Time Signals & Systems - Discrete-Time Fourier series- Discrete-Time Fourier Transform (including DFT) and properties. Frequency response of discrete time LTI systems.
Module 4
Laplace Transform - Laplace Transform and its inverse: Definition- existence conditions- Region of Convergence and properties- Application of Laplace transform for the analysis of continuous time LTI system (stability etc.) Significance of poles & zeros- Z-Transform - Z-Transform and its inverse: Definition- existence- Region of convergence and properties- Application of Z-Transform for the analysis of Discrete time LTI systems- Significance of poles and zeros.
Module 5
Random Signals - Introduction to probability. Bayes Theorem- concept of random variable- probability density and distribution functions- function of a random variable. Moments- Independence of a random variable. Introduction to random process. Auto and cross correlation. wide-sense stationarity- power spectral density White noise- Random processes through LTI systems.
References
Signals and Systems: Oppenheim Alan- V- Willsky Alan. S- Pearson Edn.
Communication Systems: Haykin Simon- John Wiley.
Signals and Systems: I J Nagrarth- Tata Mc Graw Hill.
Signals and Systems: Farooq Husain- Umesh pub.
Adaptive signal processing: W Bernad- Pearson Edn.
RELIABILITY AND HUMANITIES
LA 406 2+1+0
Module 1
Concepts of reliability: Definition of reliability- failure- classification of failures- measures of reliability- failure rate- mean time between failures (MTBF)- mean time to failure (MTTF).
Module 2
Failure pattern and fitting curves: Graphical plots- Bath tub curves- Hazard models- Constant hazard models- Linearly increasing hazard model- Weibull model.
Module 3
Manufacture for Quality and reliability: The need for prototype tests- the quality standard- planning to achieve required quality- basic concepts of sequencing.
Module 4
Control charts in statistical quality control: statistical quality control advantages- types of control charts- X and R chart- P chart- C chart- Re-engineering- Zero defects.
Module 5
Human relations: Human Behavior- Scope of Industrial psychology-Theories of Motivation-Handling of workers grievances-Workers participation in management-Industrial discipline-Industrial disputes-Industrial fatigue-Wages and incentives.
References
1. Reliability Engineering: L S Sreenath.
2. Reliability Engineering: A K Govil.
3. Industrial Engineering & Management: Banga and Sharma.
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS LAB
LA 407 0+0+4
List of experiments
Power amplifiers: Design of class A and class AB push pull stage – verification of power output.
IC power amplifier.
Oscillators: Design of RC phase shift, Hartley & Colpitts oscillators.
Design of Mono-stable and bi-stable multi-vibrators.
Design of bootstrap sweep generator.
Schmitt trigger.
SCR, Triac firing circuits.
Feedback amplifier, design of two stage RC coupled amplifier.
Tuned amplifiers.
Design and testing of DC regulated power supplies (Fixed and variable).
Simulation of above circuits using PSPICE.
Note
New experiments may be added in accordance with subject LA 404
COMPUTER PRORAMMING LAB
LA 408 0+0+4
Part 1
Computer hardware familiarization.
Familiarization of MS-DOS commands, Microsoft Windows.
Familiarization of Microsoft Word, Adobe Acrobat Reader.
Part 2
Programming Experiments in C/C++: Programming experiments in C/C++ to cover control structures, functions, arrays, structures, pointers and files, classes, operator & function overloading, inheritance, polymorphism.
CMELRPTA 401 3+1+0
Module 1
Ordinary Differential Equations: Linear Differential equations with constant coefficents - Finding P.I. by the method of variation of parameters – Cauchys equations- Linear Simultaneous eqns- simple applications in engineering problems.
Module 2
Partial Differential Equations - formation by eliminating arbitrary constants and arbitrary Functions - solution of Lagrange Linear Equations –Charpits Method – solution of homogeneous linear partial differential equation with constant coefficients – solution of one dimensional wave equation and heat equation using method of separation of variables – Fourier solution of one dimensional wave equation.
Module 3
Fourier Transforms: - Statement of Fourier Integral Theorems – Fourier Transforms – Fourier Sine & Cosine transforms - inverse transforms - transforms of derivatives – Convolution Theorem (no proof) – Parsevals Identity - simple problems.
Module 4
Probability and statistics: Binomial law of probability - The binomial distribution, its mean and variance - poisson distribution as a limiting case of binomial distribution - its mean and variance - fitting of binomial & poisson distributions - normal distribution - properties of normal curve - standard normal curve - simple problems in binomial, poisson and normal distributions.
Module 5
Population & Samples: Sampling distribution of mean (s known) –Sampling distribution of variance, F and Chi square test – Level of significance - Type 1 and Type 2 errors – Test of hypothesis – Test of significance for large samples – Test of significance for single proportion, difference of proportions, single mean and difference of means (proof of theorems not expected).
References
1. Higher Engineering Mathematics - B.S. Grewal, Khanna Publishers.
2. Engineering Mathematics Vol.II -3rd year Part A & B - M.K. Venkataraman, National Publishing Company
3. Elements of Partial Differential Equations - Ian N.Sneddon.,McGraw Hill.
4. Miller and Fread’s Probability and statistics for engineers – Richard A Johnson, Pearson Education Asia / PHI.
5. A text book of Engineering Mathematics (Volume II) – Bali and Iyengar, Laxmi Publications Ltd.
6. Advanced Engg. Mathematics Erwin Kreyszig, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
7. Probability and statistical inferences – Hogg and Tanis, Pearson Education Asia.
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS AND LOGIC DESIGN
LA 402 3+1+0
Module 1
Gates –Inverter - OR gates - AND gates - NOR Gates - De Morgan’s Theorems - NAND Gates - EXCLUSIVE-OR Gates - Tristate Inverter - TTL Circuits - Digital Integrated Circuits - 7400 Devices - TTL Characteristics - TTL Overview - AND -OR- NOT Gates - Open-Collector Gates – CMOS gates.
Module 2
Boolean Algebra and Karnaugh Maps - Boolean Relations - Sum-of-Products method - Algebraic Simplification - Karnaugh maps – Pairs – Quads - and Octets - Karnaugh Simplifications - Don’t-Care Conditions. Multiplexers - de-multiplexers - decoder and encoder.
Module 3
Arithmetic-Logic Units - Binary Addition - Binary Subtraction - Half Adders - Full Adders - Binary Adders - signed Binary Numbers - 2’s Complement - 2’s-Complement Adder-Subtractor.
Module 4
Flip Flops - RS Latches - Level Clocking - D Latches - Edge-Triggered D & T Flip-Flops - Edge-Triggered JK Master-slave Flip-Flop.
Module 5
Registers and Counters - Buffer Registers - Shift Registers - Controlled Shift Registers - Ripple Counters - Synchronous Counters - Ring counters - Modulo counters - Three-State Register. ROMs – PROMs and EPROMs - RAMs. A small TTL Memory.
References
1. Digital Fundamentals: Floyd, Pearson Edn.
2. Digital Design: Wakerly, Pearson Education.
3. Fundamentals of digital circuits: A Anand Kumar, PHI
4. Digital Integrated Electronics: Taub and Shilling, McGraw Hill,
5. Digital electronics: D C Green, Pearson Edn.
6. Digital Logic and state machine design: Comer, Oxford.
7. Digital electronic principles and applications: A K Maini, Khanna Pub.
8. Digital electronic principles: Malvino and Leach, Mc Graw Hill.
9. Logic and computer design fundamentals: M Morris Mano, Pearson Edn.
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
LA 403 3+1+0
Module 1
Introduction: communication systems – Modulation - need for modulation- bandwidth- Amplitude modulation - theory- mathematical representation- frequency spectrum - USB & LSB- power relation- Frequency modulation - theory- mathematical representation- frequency spectrum- Phase modulation- comparison of AM- FM- PM.
Module 2
Radio transmitters: AM transmitter - block diagram - Solid state modulators - circuit explanation- FM transmitter - reactance modulator- varactor diode modulator- Amstrong modulator.
Module 3
Radio receivers: Tuned radio frequency receiver- superheterodyne receiver - block schematic- selectivity- sensitivity- importance of IF - image frequency rejection - AM receivers - schematic explanation - RF amplifiers - circuit explanation - Mixer circuits - IF amplifiers - circuit explanation- simple diode detector - Automatic gain control circuit - simple and delayed AGC - FM receivers - block schematic explanation - amplitude limiting - FM demodulators: slope detectors- phase discriminator- ratio detectors.
Module 4
Side band communication: Single side band transmission - suppression of carrier - balanced modulator - filtering of unwanted sideband - SSB receivers - block schematic explanation - pilot carrier receiver - suppressed carrier receiver - Vestigial side band transmission - transmitter and receiver responses - advantages of VSB in television.
Module 5
Telephone Systems - Telephone subscribers loop circuit - subscribers line interface circuit - Pulse and tone signaling - Frequency assignments - Electronic telephone - block schematic of a telephone set- block schematic of single line analog SLIC board - two wire repeaters - Electronic private automatic branching exchange - basic block schematic- Power line communication: block schematic explanation- Facsimile - FAX transmitter and receiver.
References
Electronic communication Systems: Wayne Tomasi- Pearson Edn.
Electronic communication: Roody and Coolen- PHI.
Electronic Communication systems: George Kennedy- Mc Graw Hill.
Electronic and radio engineering: A P Mathur.
Telephony and Carrier current engineering: P N Das.
Modern communication Systems: Couch- PHI.
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS - II
LA 404 3+1+0
Module 1
High frequency equivalent circuit of a transistor. Hybrid pi model - explanation of components -r parameters in terms of h parameters -Tuned amplifiers -principle - single tuned and double tuned amplifiers -frequency response -applications (no analysis) -multistage amplifiers -frequency response.
Module 2
Feedback -different types -positive, negative, voltage, current, series and shunt feedback -Feedback in amplifiers -its effect on amplifier performance -typical feedback arrangements -emitter follower -darlington emitter follower -cascade amplifier (principles only) -difference amplifier.
Module 3
Oscillators -conditions for oscillation -analysis and design of RC phase shift oscillator, general form of oscillator circuit -working of Hartley, Colpitt's, Crystal, tuned collector and Wien Bridge oscillators.
Module 4
Mono-stable multi vibrator -analysis -design -applications -triggering -Bistable multi-vibrator -analysis and design -different methods of triggering -commutating capacitor -Schmitt trigger -working -design.
Module 5
Large signal amplifier -harmonic distortion -analysis of class A, class B, class C and class D amplifiers -complimentary and symmetry stage -sweep generators -voltage and current sweeps -time base generators -linearisation -miller and bootstrap sweeps - applications.
References
Electronic devices and circuits -Boylsted & Neshelsky, Pearson Edn.
Integrated electronics -Millman & Halkias , Mc Graw Hill
Electronic principles -Malvino
Electronic devices and circuits -Bugart
Microelectronics Digital and Analogue -Botkar.
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
LTA 405 2+1+0
Module 1
Dynamic Representation of Systems - Systems Attributes- Causality - linearity- Stability- time-invariance. Special Signals- Complex exponentials- Singularity functions (impulse and step functions). Linear Time-Invariant Systems: Differential equation representation- convolution Integral. Discrete form of special functions. Discrete convolution and its properties. Realization of LTI system (differential and difference equations).
Module 2
Fourier Analysis of Continuous Time Signals and Systems - Fourier Series- Fourier Transform and properties- Parseval’s theorem- Frequency response of LTI systems. Sampling Theorem.
Module 3
Fourier Analysis of Discrete Time Signals & Systems - Discrete-Time Fourier series- Discrete-Time Fourier Transform (including DFT) and properties. Frequency response of discrete time LTI systems.
Module 4
Laplace Transform - Laplace Transform and its inverse: Definition- existence conditions- Region of Convergence and properties- Application of Laplace transform for the analysis of continuous time LTI system (stability etc.) Significance of poles & zeros- Z-Transform - Z-Transform and its inverse: Definition- existence- Region of convergence and properties- Application of Z-Transform for the analysis of Discrete time LTI systems- Significance of poles and zeros.
Module 5
Random Signals - Introduction to probability. Bayes Theorem- concept of random variable- probability density and distribution functions- function of a random variable. Moments- Independence of a random variable. Introduction to random process. Auto and cross correlation. wide-sense stationarity- power spectral density White noise- Random processes through LTI systems.
References
Signals and Systems: Oppenheim Alan- V- Willsky Alan. S- Pearson Edn.
Communication Systems: Haykin Simon- John Wiley.
Signals and Systems: I J Nagrarth- Tata Mc Graw Hill.
Signals and Systems: Farooq Husain- Umesh pub.
Adaptive signal processing: W Bernad- Pearson Edn.
RELIABILITY AND HUMANITIES
LA 406 2+1+0
Module 1
Concepts of reliability: Definition of reliability- failure- classification of failures- measures of reliability- failure rate- mean time between failures (MTBF)- mean time to failure (MTTF).
Module 2
Failure pattern and fitting curves: Graphical plots- Bath tub curves- Hazard models- Constant hazard models- Linearly increasing hazard model- Weibull model.
Module 3
Manufacture for Quality and reliability: The need for prototype tests- the quality standard- planning to achieve required quality- basic concepts of sequencing.
Module 4
Control charts in statistical quality control: statistical quality control advantages- types of control charts- X and R chart- P chart- C chart- Re-engineering- Zero defects.
Module 5
Human relations: Human Behavior- Scope of Industrial psychology-Theories of Motivation-Handling of workers grievances-Workers participation in management-Industrial discipline-Industrial disputes-Industrial fatigue-Wages and incentives.
References
1. Reliability Engineering: L S Sreenath.
2. Reliability Engineering: A K Govil.
3. Industrial Engineering & Management: Banga and Sharma.
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS LAB
LA 407 0+0+4
List of experiments
Power amplifiers: Design of class A and class AB push pull stage – verification of power output.
IC power amplifier.
Oscillators: Design of RC phase shift, Hartley & Colpitts oscillators.
Design of Mono-stable and bi-stable multi-vibrators.
Design of bootstrap sweep generator.
Schmitt trigger.
SCR, Triac firing circuits.
Feedback amplifier, design of two stage RC coupled amplifier.
Tuned amplifiers.
Design and testing of DC regulated power supplies (Fixed and variable).
Simulation of above circuits using PSPICE.
Note
New experiments may be added in accordance with subject LA 404
COMPUTER PRORAMMING LAB
LA 408 0+0+4
Part 1
Computer hardware familiarization.
Familiarization of MS-DOS commands, Microsoft Windows.
Familiarization of Microsoft Word, Adobe Acrobat Reader.
Part 2
Programming Experiments in C/C++: Programming experiments in C/C++ to cover control structures, functions, arrays, structures, pointers and files, classes, operator & function overloading, inheritance, polymorphism.
* E.C S 5 SYLLABUS
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS -IV
CMELPA501 3+1+0
Module 1
Complex Integration: Line Integral –Cauchy’s integral theorem- Cauchy’s integral formula-Taylor’s series-Laurent’s series- zeros and singularities- Residues- residue theorem-Evaluation of real integrals using contour integration involving unit circle and semicircle.
Module 2
Numerical solution of algebraic and transcendental equations: Successive bisection method-Regula falsi method - Newton –Raphson method – solution of system of linear equations by Jacobi’s iteration method and Gauss-Siedel method.
Module 3
Numerical solution of ordinary differential equation: Taylor’s series method- Euler’s method –Modified Eulers method - Runge – Kutta method (IV order)-Milne’s predictor corrector method.
Module 4
Z – Transforms: Definition of Z transform- properties –Z transform of polynomial functions – trigonometric functions, shifting property, convolution property- inverse transform – solution of 1st & 2nd order difference equations with constant coefficients using Z transforms.
Module 5
Linear programming: graphical solution – solution using simplex method (non – degenerate case only) – Big-M method,two phase method- Duality in L.P.P.- Balanced T.P. – Vogels approximation method – Modi method.
References
1. Advanced Engineering Mathematics – Ervin Kreyszig, Wiley Eastern limited.
2. Numerical methods in Engineering & Science – Dr. B.S.Grewal, Kanna Publishers.
3. Higher Engineering Mathematics - Dr. B.S.Grewal, Kanna Publishers.
4. Numerical methods in Science & Engineering - Dr. M.K.Venkitaraman, National Publishing company.
5. Quantitative techniques Theory & Problems - P.C.Tulsian, Vishal Pandey, Pearson Education Asia.
6. Complex variables and applications - Churchill and Brown, McGraw-Hill.
7. Operations research - Panneer Selvam, PHI.
8. Engineering Mathematics Vol. III -S Arumugam, A.T.Isaac, A.Somasundaram, Scitech publications
9. Advanced Mathematics for Engg.students Vol. III- S.Narayanan, T.K.M.Pillay, G.Ramanaigh, S.Vishwananthan printers & publishers.
POWER ELECTRONICS
LA 502 2+1+0
Module 1
Power semiconductor Devices - History of development of Power Electronic devices- Constructional features- Characteristics- rating and specification- gate/base drive circuits-protection including cooling and application consideration of diodes- SCRS, GTO, BJTS, MCT, MOSFET and IGBT. Series and parallel operations of SCR- Electromagnetic interference.
Module 2
AC to DC Converters - Operation and analysis of Single phase and multi-phase uncontrolled and controlled rectifiers with R, RL and back EMF load- effect of source inductance- free wheeling effect- power factor improvement methods for phase Controlled rectifiers- filters. PWM chips: SG3524 and TL 494- Block schematic.
Module 3
AC to AC Voltage Converter - Operation and analysis of single phase integral cycle and phase controlled converters- Configuration of three phase controllers.
Module 4
DC to DC Converters - Chopper classification- Step down- step up and four quadrant converters operation- analysis and control with R, RL and EMF load- current and voltage Commutation circuits.
Module 5
DC to AC Converters - Single phase and three phase bridge inverters- VSI and CSI- voltage control - PWM & Square wave operation- Harmonics and their reduction techniques.
References
1. Power Electronics: Rashid Muhammad, Pearson Edn.
2. Power Electronics: Harish C Ray, Galgotia Pub.
3. Thyristors and Applications: Ramamoorthy.
4. Power Electronics: Converter, Applications and Design, Mohan Ned, John Wiley,
5. Power Semiconductor Circuits: Dewan, S.B. and Satrughan A, John Wiley & Sons, 1975.
6. Thyristorised Power Controllers: Dubey, G.K., Doradlla, S. R., Wiley Eastern, 1987.
APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY
L 503 3+1+0
Module 1
Review of vector analysis: Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical co-ordinates systems- Co-ordinate transformations. Static electric field: Coulomb’s Law of point charges- Electric flux-Gauss’s Law- Electrical scalar potential- different types of potential distribution- Potential gradient- Boundary conditions Capacitance: Capacitance of isolated sphere- capacitance between two concentric sphere shells- capacitance between coaxial cylinders- capacitance between parallel wires. Vector fields: Divergence and curl- Divergence theorem- Stokes theorem.
Module 2
Magnetic field: Steady current and current density in a conductor- Biot-Savarts Law- Ampere’s Law- Helmholtz theorems- Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction- Solenoid, toroid, inductance of transmission line- Mutual inductance energy stored in magnetic fields- Magnetic dipole- Electric and Magnetic boundary conditions- vector magnetic potential.
Module 3
Maxwell’s equations and travelling waves: conduction current and displacement current- Maxwell’s equations- Plane waves- Poynting theorem and Poynting vector- Plane electromagnetic waves- Solution for free space condition- Uniform plane wave-wave equation for conducting medium- Wave polarization- Poisson’s and Laplace equations.
Module 4
Guided waves between parallel planes- transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves and its characteristics- Rectangular wave guides- modes of propagation.
Module 5
Transmission lines -Transmission line equations- transmission line parameters- Skin effect- VSWR- Characteristic impedance- Stub matching- Smith chart - Phase velocity and group velocity.
References
1. Engineering Electromagnetics: W. H. Hayt, Mc Graw Hill Publications.
2. Electromagnetics: J. D. Kraus, Mc Graw Hill Publications.
3. Engineering electromagnetics: E. C. Jordan.
4. Field & Wave Electromagnetic: Cheng, Pearson Education.
5. Electromagnetics: Edminister, Schaum series, 2 Edn.
6. Electromagnetic Theory: B. Premlet.
7. Electromagnetic Theory: Sadiku, Oxford University Press.
COMPUTER ORGANISATION AND ARCHITECTURE
LA 504 2+1+0
Module 1
Basic structure of computer hardware and software- addressing methods and machine programming sequencing- different addressing modes- instruction sets- computer arithmetic logic design- fast adders- multiplication- Booth’s algorithm- fast multiplication- integer division- floating point numbers.
Module 2
Control unit- instruction execution cycle- sequencing of control signals- hardwired control- PLAs- micro programmed controls- control signals- micro instructions - Micro program sequencing- branch address modification- pre fetching of micro instructions.
Module 3
Memory organization- semi conductor RAM memories- internal organization- bipolar and MOS devices- dynamic memories- multiple memory modules and interleaving- cache memories -mapping functions - replacement algorithms- virtual memories- address translation-page tables - memory management units- secondary memories- disk drives- standards.
Module 4
Input-Output organization- accessing I/O devices- direct memory access (DMA)- interrupts and interrupt handling- handling multiple devices- device identification- vectored interrupts- interrupt nesting- daisy chaining- I/O interfaces- serial and parallel standards- buses-scheduling- bus arbitrations- printers- plotters- VDUs.
Module 5
Introduction to parallel processing and architecture- classification- array processors- pipeline architecture- interconnection- networks- multistage networks- message passing architecture.
References
1. Computer organization – Hamacher C V, Mc Graw Hill.
2. Computer Systems and Architecture – Vincent P Heuring, H F Jordan, Pearson Edn.
3. Computer organization and Design – Pal Choudhary
4. Computer organization and Architecture – Hayes J P
5. Computer Org. & Architecture: Stallings, Pearson Education.
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
LA 505 3+1+0
Module 1
Introduction to operational amplifiers – Basic differential amplifier - dual input balanced output and unbalanced output- Internal block schematic of op amp - Pin identification- power supply requirements - typical data sheet - Op-amp parameters - ideal op amp - transfer curve - equivalent circuit- open loop configurations - frequency response of op amps - compensating networks - slew rate and its effect.
Module 2
Op amp in closed loop configuration: Different feed back configurations- Voltage series feedback and voltage shunt feedback - concept of virtual ground- voltage follower - V/I converters and its applications - Differential amplifiers with one op amp and 3 op amps- Use of offset minimizing resistor (ROM) and its design.
Module 3
Op amp applications- Summer- Subtractor- Log amplifier- Antilog amplifier- Comparators: zero crossing- using voltage reference- regenerative (Schmitt trigger) comparators- Astable and monostable multivibrators- Triangular and sawtooth wave generators- Integrator and differentiator- RC phase shift and Wien bridge oscillators-Sample and hold circuit- Peak detector circuit.
Module 4
Filters and timers: LPF- HPF- BPF- Notch and all pass filters- I order and II order filters- Switched capacitor filter- Switched capacitor integrator. 555 timers – Functional block diagram- Astable multivibrator, monostable multivibrator and its applications.
Module 5
Specialized ICs and applications: Voltage regulator ICs – 78XX and 79XX series- 317 variable regulators- 1723 switching regulators- 566 VCO chip- Phase locked loop(PLL) - capture and lock range- 565 PLL - PLL applications: Frequency multiplication and division- AM demodulation- FM detection- FSK demodulation - LM 380 power amplifier - intercom using LM 380- 8038 Function generator chip - applications.
References
Op amps and Linear Integrated circuits: Ramakand Gaykwad- PHI publications.
Op amps and Linear Integrated circuits: R F Coughlin- Pearson Education.
Op amps and Linear Integrated circuits: Ravi Raj Dudeja- Umesh Publications.
Linear Integrated circuits: Roy Choudhary & Jain- Wiely Eastern Publications.
Integrated circuits: K R Botkar
MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS
L506 3+1+0
Module1
Introduction to microprocessors and microcomputers: Function of microprocessors- architecture of 8085- pin configuration and functions – tristate bus concept - generation of control signals - bus timings – de-multiplexing AD0-AD7 – flags - memory decoding - interfacing of RAM and EPROM - I/O addressing - I/O mapped I/O - and memory mapped I/O schemes - instruction execution - fetch/execute cycle - instruction timings and operation status.
Module 2
Atmel AT89C51 microcontroller – features - pin configurations - internal block schematic - pin descriptions - PORT0, PORT1, PORT2, PORT3, idle & power down mode - power control register - program protection modes - flash programming & verification.
Module 3
Memory organization - program memory - data memory - direct & indirect addressing area - Program status word - register banks - addressing modes - instruction set – arithmetic - logical and data transfer instructions - Boolean instructions - program branching instructions - Programming examples.
Module 4
Machine cycles – interrupts - interrupt sources - interrupt enable register - interrupt priority - interrupt control system - interrupt handling - single step operation - port bit latches and buffers - port structures and operation - accessing external memory – programming examples.
Module 5
Timer0 & Timer1 - TMOD SFR - mode0, mode1, mode2, mode3 - TCON SFR - serial interface - SCON SFR - mode0, mode1, mode2, mode3- block schematics- baud rates- power on reset circuit- ONCE mode- on chip oscillator- external program & data memory timing diagrams- I/O port timings – programming examples.
References
1. The 8051 Microcontroller: Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Pearson Education.
2. The 8051 Microcontroller: Kenneth J Ayala, Penram International
3. Microprocessors and Architecture: Ramesh S Goankar
4. Microcomputers and Microprocessors: John Uffenbeck, PHI
5. Web site of Atmel - www.atmel.com
DIGITAL IC LAB
LA 507 0+0+4
List of experiments
1. TTL & CMOS characteristics (7400, CD4001)
2. Interfacing of TTL & electromagnetic relay using transistor, opto coupler (4N33) & Darlington arrays (ULN2803).
3. Logic family interconnection (TTL to CMOS & CMOS to TTL)
4. Design of half adder & full adder using gates.
5. Design and testing of ripple & synchronous counters using JK flip flops (7473, 7476)
6. Counters using shift registers (Ring counter & Johnson counter).
7. Study of counter ICs (7490, 74190).
8. Design of astable & mono-stable multi-vibrators using gates.
9. Design of mono-shots using dedicated ICs (74123).
10. Logic design using multiplexers (74150).
11. Logic design using decoders (74138).
12. Adders, Subtractors, multipliers.
13. Design of 7 segment display circuits-static/dynamic (7447, FND542).
14. PRBS generator.
15. Digital circuit simulation using electronic work bench/ similar working tools.
Note
Any experiment related to LA402 may be added to the above list.
COMMUNICATION - I LAB
L 508 0+0+4
List of experiments
1. Passive filters – constant K and M derived.
2. Amplitude modulation.
3. Frequency modulation.
4. PWM using SG3525.
5. 555 Applications
6. 566 Applications
7. Study of 565 and its applications
8. Crystal oscillator
9. Oscillators using OP-AMP
10. Colpitts & Hartley oscillator.
11. Multiplexing using analog multiplexer IC’s.
NoteAny other experiments may be added to the above list related to LA403
CMELPA501 3+1+0
Module 1
Complex Integration: Line Integral –Cauchy’s integral theorem- Cauchy’s integral formula-Taylor’s series-Laurent’s series- zeros and singularities- Residues- residue theorem-Evaluation of real integrals using contour integration involving unit circle and semicircle.
Module 2
Numerical solution of algebraic and transcendental equations: Successive bisection method-Regula falsi method - Newton –Raphson method – solution of system of linear equations by Jacobi’s iteration method and Gauss-Siedel method.
Module 3
Numerical solution of ordinary differential equation: Taylor’s series method- Euler’s method –Modified Eulers method - Runge – Kutta method (IV order)-Milne’s predictor corrector method.
Module 4
Z – Transforms: Definition of Z transform- properties –Z transform of polynomial functions – trigonometric functions, shifting property, convolution property- inverse transform – solution of 1st & 2nd order difference equations with constant coefficients using Z transforms.
Module 5
Linear programming: graphical solution – solution using simplex method (non – degenerate case only) – Big-M method,two phase method- Duality in L.P.P.- Balanced T.P. – Vogels approximation method – Modi method.
References
1. Advanced Engineering Mathematics – Ervin Kreyszig, Wiley Eastern limited.
2. Numerical methods in Engineering & Science – Dr. B.S.Grewal, Kanna Publishers.
3. Higher Engineering Mathematics - Dr. B.S.Grewal, Kanna Publishers.
4. Numerical methods in Science & Engineering - Dr. M.K.Venkitaraman, National Publishing company.
5. Quantitative techniques Theory & Problems - P.C.Tulsian, Vishal Pandey, Pearson Education Asia.
6. Complex variables and applications - Churchill and Brown, McGraw-Hill.
7. Operations research - Panneer Selvam, PHI.
8. Engineering Mathematics Vol. III -S Arumugam, A.T.Isaac, A.Somasundaram, Scitech publications
9. Advanced Mathematics for Engg.students Vol. III- S.Narayanan, T.K.M.Pillay, G.Ramanaigh, S.Vishwananthan printers & publishers.
POWER ELECTRONICS
LA 502 2+1+0
Module 1
Power semiconductor Devices - History of development of Power Electronic devices- Constructional features- Characteristics- rating and specification- gate/base drive circuits-protection including cooling and application consideration of diodes- SCRS, GTO, BJTS, MCT, MOSFET and IGBT. Series and parallel operations of SCR- Electromagnetic interference.
Module 2
AC to DC Converters - Operation and analysis of Single phase and multi-phase uncontrolled and controlled rectifiers with R, RL and back EMF load- effect of source inductance- free wheeling effect- power factor improvement methods for phase Controlled rectifiers- filters. PWM chips: SG3524 and TL 494- Block schematic.
Module 3
AC to AC Voltage Converter - Operation and analysis of single phase integral cycle and phase controlled converters- Configuration of three phase controllers.
Module 4
DC to DC Converters - Chopper classification- Step down- step up and four quadrant converters operation- analysis and control with R, RL and EMF load- current and voltage Commutation circuits.
Module 5
DC to AC Converters - Single phase and three phase bridge inverters- VSI and CSI- voltage control - PWM & Square wave operation- Harmonics and their reduction techniques.
References
1. Power Electronics: Rashid Muhammad, Pearson Edn.
2. Power Electronics: Harish C Ray, Galgotia Pub.
3. Thyristors and Applications: Ramamoorthy.
4. Power Electronics: Converter, Applications and Design, Mohan Ned, John Wiley,
5. Power Semiconductor Circuits: Dewan, S.B. and Satrughan A, John Wiley & Sons, 1975.
6. Thyristorised Power Controllers: Dubey, G.K., Doradlla, S. R., Wiley Eastern, 1987.
APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY
L 503 3+1+0
Module 1
Review of vector analysis: Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical co-ordinates systems- Co-ordinate transformations. Static electric field: Coulomb’s Law of point charges- Electric flux-Gauss’s Law- Electrical scalar potential- different types of potential distribution- Potential gradient- Boundary conditions Capacitance: Capacitance of isolated sphere- capacitance between two concentric sphere shells- capacitance between coaxial cylinders- capacitance between parallel wires. Vector fields: Divergence and curl- Divergence theorem- Stokes theorem.
Module 2
Magnetic field: Steady current and current density in a conductor- Biot-Savarts Law- Ampere’s Law- Helmholtz theorems- Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction- Solenoid, toroid, inductance of transmission line- Mutual inductance energy stored in magnetic fields- Magnetic dipole- Electric and Magnetic boundary conditions- vector magnetic potential.
Module 3
Maxwell’s equations and travelling waves: conduction current and displacement current- Maxwell’s equations- Plane waves- Poynting theorem and Poynting vector- Plane electromagnetic waves- Solution for free space condition- Uniform plane wave-wave equation for conducting medium- Wave polarization- Poisson’s and Laplace equations.
Module 4
Guided waves between parallel planes- transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves and its characteristics- Rectangular wave guides- modes of propagation.
Module 5
Transmission lines -Transmission line equations- transmission line parameters- Skin effect- VSWR- Characteristic impedance- Stub matching- Smith chart - Phase velocity and group velocity.
References
1. Engineering Electromagnetics: W. H. Hayt, Mc Graw Hill Publications.
2. Electromagnetics: J. D. Kraus, Mc Graw Hill Publications.
3. Engineering electromagnetics: E. C. Jordan.
4. Field & Wave Electromagnetic: Cheng, Pearson Education.
5. Electromagnetics: Edminister, Schaum series, 2 Edn.
6. Electromagnetic Theory: B. Premlet.
7. Electromagnetic Theory: Sadiku, Oxford University Press.
COMPUTER ORGANISATION AND ARCHITECTURE
LA 504 2+1+0
Module 1
Basic structure of computer hardware and software- addressing methods and machine programming sequencing- different addressing modes- instruction sets- computer arithmetic logic design- fast adders- multiplication- Booth’s algorithm- fast multiplication- integer division- floating point numbers.
Module 2
Control unit- instruction execution cycle- sequencing of control signals- hardwired control- PLAs- micro programmed controls- control signals- micro instructions - Micro program sequencing- branch address modification- pre fetching of micro instructions.
Module 3
Memory organization- semi conductor RAM memories- internal organization- bipolar and MOS devices- dynamic memories- multiple memory modules and interleaving- cache memories -mapping functions - replacement algorithms- virtual memories- address translation-page tables - memory management units- secondary memories- disk drives- standards.
Module 4
Input-Output organization- accessing I/O devices- direct memory access (DMA)- interrupts and interrupt handling- handling multiple devices- device identification- vectored interrupts- interrupt nesting- daisy chaining- I/O interfaces- serial and parallel standards- buses-scheduling- bus arbitrations- printers- plotters- VDUs.
Module 5
Introduction to parallel processing and architecture- classification- array processors- pipeline architecture- interconnection- networks- multistage networks- message passing architecture.
References
1. Computer organization – Hamacher C V, Mc Graw Hill.
2. Computer Systems and Architecture – Vincent P Heuring, H F Jordan, Pearson Edn.
3. Computer organization and Design – Pal Choudhary
4. Computer organization and Architecture – Hayes J P
5. Computer Org. & Architecture: Stallings, Pearson Education.
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
LA 505 3+1+0
Module 1
Introduction to operational amplifiers – Basic differential amplifier - dual input balanced output and unbalanced output- Internal block schematic of op amp - Pin identification- power supply requirements - typical data sheet - Op-amp parameters - ideal op amp - transfer curve - equivalent circuit- open loop configurations - frequency response of op amps - compensating networks - slew rate and its effect.
Module 2
Op amp in closed loop configuration: Different feed back configurations- Voltage series feedback and voltage shunt feedback - concept of virtual ground- voltage follower - V/I converters and its applications - Differential amplifiers with one op amp and 3 op amps- Use of offset minimizing resistor (ROM) and its design.
Module 3
Op amp applications- Summer- Subtractor- Log amplifier- Antilog amplifier- Comparators: zero crossing- using voltage reference- regenerative (Schmitt trigger) comparators- Astable and monostable multivibrators- Triangular and sawtooth wave generators- Integrator and differentiator- RC phase shift and Wien bridge oscillators-Sample and hold circuit- Peak detector circuit.
Module 4
Filters and timers: LPF- HPF- BPF- Notch and all pass filters- I order and II order filters- Switched capacitor filter- Switched capacitor integrator. 555 timers – Functional block diagram- Astable multivibrator, monostable multivibrator and its applications.
Module 5
Specialized ICs and applications: Voltage regulator ICs – 78XX and 79XX series- 317 variable regulators- 1723 switching regulators- 566 VCO chip- Phase locked loop(PLL) - capture and lock range- 565 PLL - PLL applications: Frequency multiplication and division- AM demodulation- FM detection- FSK demodulation - LM 380 power amplifier - intercom using LM 380- 8038 Function generator chip - applications.
References
Op amps and Linear Integrated circuits: Ramakand Gaykwad- PHI publications.
Op amps and Linear Integrated circuits: R F Coughlin- Pearson Education.
Op amps and Linear Integrated circuits: Ravi Raj Dudeja- Umesh Publications.
Linear Integrated circuits: Roy Choudhary & Jain- Wiely Eastern Publications.
Integrated circuits: K R Botkar
MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS
L506 3+1+0
Module1
Introduction to microprocessors and microcomputers: Function of microprocessors- architecture of 8085- pin configuration and functions – tristate bus concept - generation of control signals - bus timings – de-multiplexing AD0-AD7 – flags - memory decoding - interfacing of RAM and EPROM - I/O addressing - I/O mapped I/O - and memory mapped I/O schemes - instruction execution - fetch/execute cycle - instruction timings and operation status.
Module 2
Atmel AT89C51 microcontroller – features - pin configurations - internal block schematic - pin descriptions - PORT0, PORT1, PORT2, PORT3, idle & power down mode - power control register - program protection modes - flash programming & verification.
Module 3
Memory organization - program memory - data memory - direct & indirect addressing area - Program status word - register banks - addressing modes - instruction set – arithmetic - logical and data transfer instructions - Boolean instructions - program branching instructions - Programming examples.
Module 4
Machine cycles – interrupts - interrupt sources - interrupt enable register - interrupt priority - interrupt control system - interrupt handling - single step operation - port bit latches and buffers - port structures and operation - accessing external memory – programming examples.
Module 5
Timer0 & Timer1 - TMOD SFR - mode0, mode1, mode2, mode3 - TCON SFR - serial interface - SCON SFR - mode0, mode1, mode2, mode3- block schematics- baud rates- power on reset circuit- ONCE mode- on chip oscillator- external program & data memory timing diagrams- I/O port timings – programming examples.
References
1. The 8051 Microcontroller: Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Pearson Education.
2. The 8051 Microcontroller: Kenneth J Ayala, Penram International
3. Microprocessors and Architecture: Ramesh S Goankar
4. Microcomputers and Microprocessors: John Uffenbeck, PHI
5. Web site of Atmel - www.atmel.com
DIGITAL IC LAB
LA 507 0+0+4
List of experiments
1. TTL & CMOS characteristics (7400, CD4001)
2. Interfacing of TTL & electromagnetic relay using transistor, opto coupler (4N33) & Darlington arrays (ULN2803).
3. Logic family interconnection (TTL to CMOS & CMOS to TTL)
4. Design of half adder & full adder using gates.
5. Design and testing of ripple & synchronous counters using JK flip flops (7473, 7476)
6. Counters using shift registers (Ring counter & Johnson counter).
7. Study of counter ICs (7490, 74190).
8. Design of astable & mono-stable multi-vibrators using gates.
9. Design of mono-shots using dedicated ICs (74123).
10. Logic design using multiplexers (74150).
11. Logic design using decoders (74138).
12. Adders, Subtractors, multipliers.
13. Design of 7 segment display circuits-static/dynamic (7447, FND542).
14. PRBS generator.
15. Digital circuit simulation using electronic work bench/ similar working tools.
Note
Any experiment related to LA402 may be added to the above list.
COMMUNICATION - I LAB
L 508 0+0+4
List of experiments
1. Passive filters – constant K and M derived.
2. Amplitude modulation.
3. Frequency modulation.
4. PWM using SG3525.
5. 555 Applications
6. 566 Applications
7. Study of 565 and its applications
8. Crystal oscillator
9. Oscillators using OP-AMP
10. Colpitts & Hartley oscillator.
11. Multiplexing using analog multiplexer IC’s.
NoteAny other experiments may be added to the above list related to LA403
